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the jurors

Толкование Перевод

1 array the jurors on the panel

array v the jurors on the panel die Geschworenenliste aufstellen

English-german law dictionary > array the jurors on the panel
2 challenge the jurors

Юридический термин: заявить отвод присяжным, заявить отвод присяжных

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > challenge the jurors
3 be on the panel

быть в списке

on the panel — в списке

jury panel — список присяжных

sample panel — выборочный список

panel of jurors — список присяжных

to be on the panel — быть в списке

English-Russian base dictionary > be on the panel
4 declaration on the independence and impartiality of the judiciary, jurors and assessors and the independence of lawyers

Общая лексика: декларации о независимости и беспристрастности судей, присяжных заседателей и заседателей и о незави

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > declaration on the independence and impartiality of the judiciary, jurors and assessors and the independence of lawyers
5 BERA

tote

* * *

I)

(ber; bar, bárum; borinn), v.

I.

1) to bear, carry, convey (bar B. biskup í börum suðr í Hvamm);

bera (farm) af skipi, to unload a ship;

bera (mat) af borði, to take (the meat) off the table;

bera e-t á hesti, to carry on horseback;

2) to wear (bera klæði, vápn, kórónu);

bera œgishjálm, to inspire fear and awe;

3) to bear, produce, yield (jörðin berr gras; tré bera aldin, epli);

4) to bear, give birth to, esp. of sheep and cows;

kýr hafði borit kálf, had calved;

absol., ván at hón mundi bera, that the cow would calve;

the pp. is used of men; hann hafði verit blindr borinn, born blind;

verða borinn í þenna heim, to be born into this world;

þann sóma, sem ek em til borinn, born to;

borinn e-m, frá e-m (rare), born of;

Nótt var Nörvi borin, was the daughter of N.;

borinn Sigmundi, son of S.;

5) bera e-n afli, ofrafli, ofrliði, ofrmagni, ofríki, to bear one down, overcome, oppress, one by odds or superior force;

bera e-n ráðum, to overrule one;

bera e-n málum, to bear one down (wrongfully) in a lawsuit;

bera e-n sök, to charge one with a fault;

bera e-n bjóri, to make drunk with beer;

verða bráðum borinn, to be taken by surprise;

borinn verkjum, overcome by pains;

þess er borin ván, there is no hope, all hope is gone;

borinn baugum, bribed; cf. bera fé á e-n, to bribe one;

6) to lear, be capable of bearing (of a ship, horse, vehicle);

þeir hlóðu bæði skipin sem borð báru, with as much as they could carry;

fig., to sustain, support (svá mikill mannfjöldi, at landit fekk eigi borit);

of persons, to bear up against, endure, support (grief, sorrow, etc.);

absol., bar hann drengiliga, he bore it manfully;

similarly, bera (harm) af sér, berast vel (illa, lítt) af;

bar hon sköruliga af sér, she bore up bravely;

hversu berst Auðr af um bróðurdauðann, how does she bear it?

hon berst af lítt, she is much cast down;

bera sik vel upp, to bear well up against;

7) bera e-t á, e-n á hendr e-m, to charge or tax one with (eigi erum vér þess valdir, er þú berr á oss);

bera (kvið) á e-n, to give a verdict against, declare guilty (í annat sinn báru þeir á Flosa kviðinn);

bera af e-m (kviðinn), to give a verdict for;

bera e-t af sér, to deny having done a thing;

bera or bera vitni, vætti, to bear witness, testify;

bera or bera um e-t, to give a verdict in a case;

bera e-n sannan at sök, to prove guilty by evidence;

bera e-n undan sök, to acquit;

bera í sundr frændsemi þeirra, to prove (by evidence) that they are not relations;

bera e-m vel (illa) söguna, to give a favourable (unfavourable) account of one;

refl. (pass.), berast, to be proved by evidence (þótt þér berist þat faðerni, er þú segir);

8) to set forth, report, tell;

bera e-m kveðju (orð, orðsending), to bring one a greeting, compliments (word, message);

bera or bera fram erindi sín fyrir e-n, to state (tell) one’s errand or to plead one’s case before one;

bera e-m njósn, to apprise one;

bera e-t upp, to produce, mention, tell;

bera upp gátu, to give (propound) a riddle;

bera upp erindi sín, to state one’s errand;

bera saman ráð sín, to consult together;

eyddist það ráð, er þeir báru saman, which they had designed;

9) to keep, hold, bear, of a title (bera jarlnafn, konnungsnafn);

bera (eigi) giptu, gæfu, hammingju, auðnu til e-s, (not) to have the good fortune to do a thing (bar hann enga gæfu til at þjóna þér);

bera vit, skyn, kunnáttu á e-t, to have knowledge of, uniderstanding about;

vel viti borinn, endowed with a good understanding;

bera hug, áræði, þor, traust til e-s, to have courage, confidence to do a thing;

bera áhyggju fyrir e-u, to be concerned about;

bera ást, elsku, hatr til e-s, to bear affection, love, hatred to;

10) to bear off or away, carry off (some gain);

bera sigr af e-m, af e-u, to carry off the victory from or in;

hann hafði borit sigr af tveim orustum, he had been victorious in two battles;

bera hærra (lægra) hlut to get the best (the worst) of it;

bera efra (hærra) skjöld, to gain the victory;

bera hátt (lágt) höfuðit, to bear the head high (low), to be in high (low) spirits;

bera halann bratt, lágt, to cock up or let fall the tail, to be in high or low spirits;

11) with preps.:

bera af e-m, to surpass;

en þó bar Bolli af, surpassed all the rest;

bera af sér högg, lag to ward off, parry a blow or thrust;

bera eld at, to set fire to;

bera fjötur (bönd) at e-m, to put fetters (bonds) on one;

bera vápn á e-n, to attack one with sharp weapons;

bera á or í, to smear, anoint (bera vatn í augu sér, bera tjöru í höfuð sér);

bera e-t til, to apply to, to try if it fits (bera til hvern lykil af öðrum at portinu);

bera e-t um, to wind round;

þá bar hann þá festi um sik, made it fast round his body;

bera um með e-n, to bear with, have patience with;

bera út barn, to expose a child;

12) refl., berast mikit (lítit) á, to bear oneself proudly (humbly);

láta af berast, to die;

láta fyrir berast e-s staðar, to stay, remain in a place (for shelter);

berast e-t fyrir, to design a thing (barst hann þat fyrir at sjá aldregi konur);

at njósna um, hvat hann bærist fyrir, to inquire into what he was about;

berast vápn á, to attack one another;

berast at or til, to happen;

þat barst at (happened) á einhverju sumri;

ef svá harðliga kann til at berast, if that misfortune does happen;

berast í móti, to happen, occur;

hefir þetta vel í móti borizt, it is a happy coincidence;

berast við, to be prevented;

ok nú lét almáttugr guð við berast kirkjubrunann, prevented, stopped the burning of the church;

II. impers., denoting a sort of passive or involuntary motion;

1) with acc., it bears or carries one to a place;

alla berr at sama brunni, all come to the same well (end);

bar hann (acc.) þá ofan gegnt Ösuri, he happened to come down just opposite to Ö.;

esp. of ships and sailors; berr oss (acc.) til Íslands eða annarra landa, we drift to Iceland or other countries;

þá (acc.) bar suðr í haf, they were carried out southwards;

Skarpheðin (acc.) bar nú at þeim, S. came suddenly upon them;

ef hann (acc.) skyldi bera þar at, if he should happen to come there;

e-n berr yfir, one is borne onwards, of a bird flying, a man riding;

hann (acc.) bar skjótt yfir, it passed quickly (of a flying meteor);

2) followed by preps.:

Gunnar sér, at rauðan kyrtil bar við glugginn, that a red kirtle passed before the window;

hvergi bar skugga (acc.) á, there was nowhere a shadow;

e-t berr fram (hátt), is prominent;

Ólafr konungr stóð í lyptingu ok bar hann (acc.) hátt mjök, stood out conspicuously;

e-t berr á milli, comes between;

leiti (acc.) bar á milli, a hill hid the prospect;

fig. e-m berr e-t á milli, they are at variance about a thing;

mart (acc.) berr nú fyrir augu mér, many things come now before my eyes;

veiði (acc.) berr í hendr e-m, game falls to one’s lot;

e-t berr undan, goes amiss, fails;

bera saman, to coincide;

bar nöfn þeirra saman, they had the same name;

fig., with dat.; bar öllum sögum vel saman, all the stories agreed well together;

fund várn bar saman, we met;

3) bera at, til, við, at hendi, til handa, to befall, happen, with dat. of the person;

svá bar at einn vetr, it happened one winter;

þó at þetta vandræði (acc.) hafi nú borit oss (dat.) at hendi, has befallen us;

bar honum svá til, it so befell him;

þat bar við (it so happened), at Högni kom;

raun (acc.) berr á, it is proved by fact;

4) of time, to fall upon;

ef þing (acc.) berr á hina helgu viku, if the parliament falls in the holy week;

bera í móti, to coincide, happen exactly at the same time;

5) denoting cause;

e-t berr til, causes a thing;

konungr spurði, hvat til bæri úgleði hans, what was the cause of his grief;

ætluðu þat þá allir, at þat mundi til bera, that that was the reason;

berr e-m nauðsyn til e-s, one is obliged to do a thing;

6) e-t berr undir e-n, falls to a person’s lot;

hon á arf at taka, þegar er undir hana berr, in her turn;

e-t berr frá, is surpassing;

er sagt, at þat (acc.) bæri frá, hvé vel þeir mæltu, it was extraordinary how well they spoke;

7) e-t berr bráðum, happens of a sudden;

e-t berr stóru, stórum (stœrrum), it amounts to much (more), it matters a great deal (more), it is of great (greater) importance;

8) absol. or with an adv., vel, illa, with infin.;

e-m berr (vel, illa) at gera e-t, it becomes, beseems one (well, ill) to do a thing (berr yðr vel, herra, at sjá sannindi á þessu máli);

used absol., berr vel, illa, it is beseeming, proper, fit, or unbeseeming, improper, unfit (þat þykkir eigi illa bera, at).

II)

(að), v. to make bare (hon beraði likam sinn).

III)

f. she-bear, = birna.

* * *

1.

u, f.

I. [björn], a she-bear, Lat. ursa; the primitive root ‘ber’ remains only in this word (cp. berserkr and berfjall), björn (q. v.) being the masc. in use, Landn. 176, Fas. i. 367, Vkv. 9: in many Icel. local names, Beru-fjörðr, -vík, from Polar bears; fem. names, Bera, Hallbera, etc., Landn.

II. a shield, poët., the proverb, baugr er á beru sæmstr, to a shield fits best a baugr (q. v.), Lex. Poët., Edda (Gl.); hence names of poems Beru-drápa, Eg.

2.

bar, báru, borit, pres. berr,—poët. forms with the suffixed negative; 3rd pers. sing. pres. Indic. berrat, Hm. 10; 3rd pers. sing. pret. barat, Vellekla; 1st pers. sing. barkak, Eb. 62 (in a verse); barkat ek, Hs. 8; 2nd pers. sing. bartattu; 3rd pers. pl. bárut, etc., v. Lex. Poët. [Gr. φέρειν; Lat. ferre; Ulf. bairan; A. S. beran; Germ. gebären; Engl. bear; Swed. bära; Dan. bære].

A. Lat. ferre, portare:

I. prop. with a sense of motion, to bear, carry, by means of the body, of animals, of vehicles, etc., with acc., Egil tók mjöðdrekku eina mikla, ok bar undir hendi sér, Eg. 237; bar hann heim hrís, Rm. 9; konungr lét bera inn kistur tvær, báru tveir menn hverja, Eg. 310; bera farm af skipi, to unload a ship, Ld. 32; bera (farm) á skip, to load a ship, Nj. 182; tóku alla ösku ok báru á á ( amnem) út, 623, 36; ok bar þat ( carried it) í kerald, 43, K. Þ. K. 92; b. mat á borð, í stofu, to put the meat on table, in the oven; b. mat af borði, to take it off table, Eb. 36, 266, Nj. 75, Fms. ix. 219, etc.

2. Lat. gestare, ferre, denoting to wear clothes, to carry weapons; skikkja dýr er konungr hafði borit, Eg. 318; b. kórónu, to wear the crown, Fms. x. 16; atgeir, Nj. 119; vápn, 209: metaph., b. ægishjálm, to inspire fear and awe; b. merki, to carry the flag in a battle, Nj. 274, Orkn. 28, 30, 38, Fms. v. 64, vi. 413; bera fram merki, to advance, move in a battle, vi. 406.

3. b. e-t á hesti (áburðr), to carry on horseback; Auðunn bar mat á hesti, Grett. 107; ok bar hrís á hesti, 76 new Ed.; þeir báru á sjau hestum, 98 new Ed.

II. without a sense of motion:

1. to give birth to; [the root of barn, bairn; byrja, incipere; burðr, partus; and burr, filius: cp. Lat. parĕre; also Gr. φέρειν, Lat. ferre, of child-bearing.] In Icel. prose, old as well as mod., ‘ala’ and ‘fæða’ are used of women; but ‘bera,’ of cows and sheep; hence sauðburðr, casting of lambs, kýrburðr; a cow is snembær, siðbær, Jólabær, calves early, late, at Yule time, etc.; var ekki ván at hon ( the cow) mundi b. fyr en um várit, Bs. i. 193, 194; kýr hafði borit kálf, Bjarn. 32; bar hvárrtveggi sauðrinn sinn burð, Stj. 178: the participle borinn is used of men in a great many compds in a general sense, aptrborinn, árborinn, endrborinn, frjálsborinn, goðborinn, höldborinn, hersborinn, konungborinn, óðalborinn, samborinn, sundrborinn, velborinn, úborinn, þrælborinn, etc.; also out of compds, mun ek eigi upp gefa þann sóma, sem ek em til borinn, … entitled to by inheritance, Ld. 102; hann hafði blindr verit borinn, born blind, Nj. 152, Hdl. 34, 42, Vsp. 2: esp. borinn e-m, born of one, Rm. 39, Hdl. 12, 23, 27, Hðm. 2, Gs. 9, Vþm. 25, Stor. 16, Vkv. 15; borinn frá e-m, Hdl. 24: the other tenses are in theol. Prose used of Christ, hans blezaða son er virðist at láta berast hingað í heim af sinni blezaðri móður, Fms. i. 281; otherwise only in poetry, eina dóttur (acc.) berr álfröðull (viz. the sun, regarded as the mother), Vþm. 47; hann Gjálp um bar, hann Greip um bar …, Hdl. 36: borit (sup.), Hkv. 1. 1.

β. of trees, flowers; b. ávöxt, blóm …, to bear fruit, flower … (freq.); bar aldinviðrinn tvennan blóma, Fms. ix. 265; cp. the phrase, bera sitt barr, v. barr.

2. denoting to load, with acc. of the person and dat. of the thing:

α. in prop. sense; hann hafði borit sik mjök vápnum, he had loaded himself with arms, i. e. wore heavy armour, Sturl. iii. 250.

β. but mostly in a metaph. sense; b. e-n ofrafli, ofrmagni, ofrliði, ofríki, magni, to bear one down, to overcome, oppress one, by odds or superior force, Grág. i. 101, ii. 195, Nj. 80, Hkr. ii. 371, Gþl. 474, Stj. 512, Fms. iii. 175 (in the last passage a dat. pers. badly); b. e-n ráðum, to overrule one, Nj. 198, Ld. 296; b. e-n málum, to bearhim down (wrongfully) in a lawsuit, Nj. 151; b. e-n bjóri, to make drunk, Vkv. 26: medic., borinn verkjum, sótt, Bjarn. 68, Og. 5; bölvi, Gg. 2: borne down, feeling heavy pains; þess er borin ván, no hope, all hope is gone, Ld. 250; borinn sök, charged with a cause, Fms. v. 324, H. E. i. 561; bráðum borinn, to be taken by surprise, Fms. iv. 111; b. fé, gull á e-n, to bring one a fee, gold, i. e. to bribe one, Nj. 62; borinn baugum, bribed, Alvm. 5; always in a bad sense, cp. the law phrase, b. fé í dóm, to bribe a court, Grág., Nj. 240.

3. to bear, support, sustain, Lat. sustinere, lolerare, ferre:

α. properly, of a ship, horse, vehicle, to bear, be capable of bearing; þeir hlóðu bæði skipin sem borð báru, all that they could carry, Eb. 302;—a ship ‘berr’ ( carries) such and such a weight; but ‘tekr’ ( takes) denotes a measure of fluids.

β. metaph. to sustain, support; dreif þannig svá mikill mannfjöldi at landit fékk eigi borit, Hkr. i. 56; but metaph. to bear up against, endure, support grief, sorrow, etc., sýndist öllum at Guð hefði nær ætlað hvat hann mundi b. mega, Bs. i. 139; biðr hann friðar ok þykist ekki mega b. reiði hans, Fms. iii. 80: the phrase, b. harm sinn í hljóði, to suffer silently; b. svívirðing, x. 333: absol., þótti honum mikit víg Kjartans, en þó bar hann drengilega, he bore it manfully, Ld. 226; er þat úvizka, at b. eigi slíkt, not to bear or put up with, Glúm. 327; b. harm, to grieve, Fms. xi. 425: in the phrases, b. sik, b. af sér, berask, berask vel (illa, lítt), to bear oneself, to bear up against misfortune; Guðrúnu þótti mikit fráfall Þorkels, en þó bar hon sköruliga af sér, she bore her bravely up, Ld. 326–328; lézt hafa spurt at ekkjan bæri vel af sér harmana, Eb. 88; berask af; hversu bersk Auðr af um bróðurdauðann? (how does she bear it?); hón bersk af lítt ( she is much borne down) ok þykir mikit, Gísl. 24; niun oss vandara gört en öðrum at vér berim oss vel (Lat. fortiter ferre), Nj. 197; engi maðr hefði þar jamvel borit sik, none bad borne himself so boldly, Sturl. iii. 132; b. sik vel upp, to bear well up against, bear a stout heart, Hrafn. 17; b. sik beiskliga ( sorely), Stj. 143; b. sik lítt, to be downcast, Fms. ii. 61; b. sik at göra e-t, to do one’s best, try a thing.

III. in law terms or modes of procedure:

1. bera járn, the ordeal of bearing hot iron in the hand, cp. járnburðr, skírsla. This custom was introduced into Scandinavia together with Christianity from Germany and England, and superseded the old heathen ordeals ‘hólmganga,’ and ‘ganga undir jarðarmen,’ v. this word. In Norway, during the civil wars, it was esp. used in proof of paternity of the various pretenders to the crown, Fms. vii. 164, 200, ix. Hák. S. ch. 14, 41–45, viii. (Sverr. S.) ch. 150, xi. (Jómsv. S.) ch. 11, Grett. ch. 41, cp. N. G. L. i. 145, 389. Trial by ordeal was abolished in Norway A. D. 1247. In Icel. It was very rarely mentioned, vide however Lv. ch. 23 (paternity), twice or thrice in the Sturl. i. 56, 65, 147, and Grág. i. 341, 361; it seems to have been very seldom used there, (the passage in Grett. S. l. c. refers to Norway.)

2. bera út (hence útburðr, q. v.), to expose children; on this heathen custom, vide Grimm R. A. In heathen Icel., as in other parts of heathen Scandinavia, it was a lawful act, but seldom exercised; the chief passages on record are, Gunnl. S. ch. 3 (ok þat var þá siðvandi nokkurr, er land var allt alheiðit, at þeir menn er félitlir vórn, en stóð ómegð mjök til handa létu út bera börn sín, ok þótti þó illa gört ávalt), Fs. Vd. ch. 37, Harð. S. ch. 8, Rd. ch. 7, Landn. v. ch. 6, Finnb. ch. 2, Þorst. Uxaf. ch. 4, Hervar. S. ch. 4, Fas. i. 547 (a romance); cp. Jómsv. S. ch. 1. On the introduction of Christianity into Icel. A. D. 1000, it was resolved that, in regard to eating of horse-flesh and exposure of children, the old laws should remain in force, Íb. ch. 9; as Grimm remarks, the exposure must take place immediately after birth, before the child had tasted food of any kind whatever, and before it was besprinkled with water (ausa vatni) or shown to the father, who had to fix its name; exposure, after any of these acts, was murder, cp. the story of Liafburga told by Grimm R. A.); v. Also a Latin essay at the end of the Gunnl. S. (Ed. 1775). The Christian Jus Eccl. put an end to this heathen barbarism by stating at its very beginning, ala skal barn hvert er borit verðr, i. e. all children, if not of monstrous shape, shall be brought up, N. G. L. i. 339, 363.

β. b. út (now more usual, hefja út, Am. 100), to carry out for burial; vera erfðr ok tit borinn, Odd. 20; var hann heygðr, ok út borinn at fornum sið, Fb. i. 123; b. á bál, to place (the body and treasures) upon the pile, the mode of burying in the old heathen time, Fas. i. 487 (in a verse); var hon borin á bálit ok slegit í eldi, Edda 38.

B. Various and metaph. cases.

I. denoting motion:

1. ‘bera’ is in the Grág. the standing law term for delivery of a verdict by a jury (búar), either ‘bera’ absol. or adding kvið ( verdict); bera á e-n, or b. kvið á e-n, to give a verdict against, declare guilty; bera af e-m, or b. af e-m kviðinn, to give a verdict for; or generally, bera, or b. um e-t, to give a verdict in a case; bera, or b. vitni, vætti, also simply means to testify, to witness, Nj. 111, cp. kviðburðr ( delivering of verdict), vitnisburðr ( bearing witness), Grág. ii. 28; eigi eigu búar ( jurors) enn at b. um þat hvat lög eru á landi hér, the jurors have not to give verdict in (to decide) what is law in the country, cp. the Engl. maxim, that jurors have only to decide the question of evidence, not of law, Grág. (Kb.) ch. 85; eigi eru búar skildir at b. um hvatvetna; um engi mál eigu þeir at skilja, þau er erlendis ( abroad) hafa görzt, id.; the form in delivering the verdict—höfum vér ( the jurors), orðit á eitt sáttir, berum á kviðburðinn, berum hann sannan at sökinni, Nj. 238, Grág. i. 49, 22, 138, etc.; í annat sinn báru þeir á Flosa kviðinn, id.; b. annattveggja af eðr á; b. undan, to discharge, Nj. 135; b. kvið í hag ( for), Grág. i. 55; b. lýsingar vætti, Nj. 87; b. vitni ok vætti, 28, 43, 44; b. ljúgvitni, to bear false witness, Grág. i. 28; b. orð, to bear witness to a speech, 43; bera frændsemi sundr, to prove that they are not relations, N. G. L. i. 147: reflex., berask ór vætti, to prove that oneself is wrongly summoned to bear witness or to give a verdict, 44: berask in a pass. sense, to be proved by evidence, ef vanefni b. þess manns er á hönd var lýst, Grág. i. 257; nema jafnmæli berisk, 229; þótt þér berisk þat faðerni er þú segir, Fms. vii. 164; hann kvaðst ætla, at honum mundi berask, that he would be able to get evidence for, Fs. 46.

β. gener. and not as a law term; b. á, b. á hendr, to charge; b. e-n undan, to discharge, Fs. 95; eigi erum vér þessa valdir er þú berr á oss, Nj. 238, Ld. 206, Fms. iv. 380, xi. 251, Th. 78; b. e-m á brýnn, to throw in one’s face, to accuse, Greg. 51; b. af sér, to deny; eigi mun ek af mér b., at… ( non diffitebor), Nj. 271; b. e-m gott vitni, to give one a good…, 11; b. e-m vel (illa) söguna, to bear favourable (unfavourable) witness of one, 271.

2. to bear by word of mouth, report, tell, Lat. referre; either absol. or adding kveðju, orð, orðsending, eyrindi, boð, sögu, njósn, frétt…, or by adding a prep., b. fram, frá, upp, fyrir; b. kveðju, to bring a greeting, compliment, Eg. 127; b. erindi (sín) fyrir e-n, to plead one’s case before one, or to tell one’s errand, 472, 473; b. njósn, to apprise, Nj. 131; b. fram, to deliver (a speech), talaði jungherra Magnús hit fyrsta erindi (M. made his first speech in public), ok fanst mönnum mikit um hversu úbernsliga fram var borit, Fms. x. 53; (in mod. usage, b. fram denotes gramm. to pronounce, hence ‘framburðr,’ pronunciation); mun ek þat nú fram b., I shall now tell, produce it, Ld. 256, Eg. 37; b. frá, to attest, relate with emphasis; má þat frá b., Dropl. 21; b. upp, to produce, mention, tell, þótt slík lygi sé upp borin fyrir hann, though such a lie be told him, Eg. 59; þær (viz. charges) urðu engar upp bornar ( produced) við Rút, Nj. 11; berr Sigtryggr þegar upp erindi sín (cp. Germ. ojfenbaren), 271, Ld. 256; b. upp gátu, to give (propound) a riddle, Stj. 411, Fas. i. 464; b. fyrir, to plead as an excuse; b. saman ráð sín, or the like, to consult, Nj. 91; eyddist þat ráð, er þeir báru saman, which they had designed, Post. 656 A. ii; b. til skripta, to confess (eccl.), of auricular confession, Hom. 124, 655 xx.

II. in a metaphorical or circumlocutory sense, and without any sense of motion, to keep, hold, bear, of a title; b. nafn, to bear a name, esp. as honour or distinction; tignar nafn, haulds nafn, jarls nafn, lends manns nafn, konungs nafn, bónda nafn, Fms. i. 17, vi. 278, xi. 44, Gþl. 106: in a more metaph. sense, denoting endowments, luck, disposition, or the like, b. (ekki) gæfu, hamingju, auðnu til e-s, to enjoy (enjoy not) good or bad luck, etc.; at Þórólfr mundi eigi allsendis gæfu til b. um vináttu við Harald, Eg. 75, 112, 473, Fms. iv. 164, i. 218; úhamingju, 219; b. vit, skyn, kunnáttu á (yfir) e-t, to bring wit, knowledge, etc., to bear upon a thing, xi. 438, Band. 7; hence vel (illa) viti borinn, well (ill) endowed with wit, Eg. 51; vel hyggjandi borinn, well endowed with reason, Grág. ii; b. hug, traust, áræði, þor, til e-s, to have courage, confidence … to do a thing, Gullþ. 47, Fms. ix. 220, Band. 7; b. áhyggju, önn fyrir, to care, be concerned about, Fms. x. 318; b. ást, elsku til e-s, to bear affection, love to one; b. hatr, to hate: b. svört augu, to have dark eyes, poët., Korm. (in a verse); b. snart hjarta, Hom. 5; vant er þat af sjá hvar hvergi berr hjarta sitt, where he keeps his heart, Orkn. 474; b. gott hjarta, to bear a proud heart, Lex. Poët., etc. etc.; b. skyndi at um e-t, to make speed with a thing, Lat. festinare, Fms. viii. 57.

2. with some sense of motion, to bear off or away, carry off, gain, in such phrases as, b. sigr af e-m, af e-u, to carry off the victory from or in …; hann hafði borit sigr af tveim orrustum, er frægstar hafa verit, he had borne off the victory in two battles, Fms. xi. 186; bera banaorð af e-m, to slay one in a fight, to be the victor; Þorr berr banaorð af Miðgarðsormi, Edda 42, Fms. x. 400: it seems properly to mean, to bear off the fame of having killed a man; verðat svá rík sköp, at Regin skyli mitt banorð bera, Fm. 39; b. hærra, lægra hlut, ‘to bear off the higher or the lower lot,’ i. e. to get the best or the worst of it, or the metaphor is taken from a sortilege, Fms. ii. 268, i. 59, vi. 412; b. efra, hærra skjöld, to carry the highest shield, to get the victory, x. 394, Lex. Poët.; b. hátt (lágt) höfuðit, to bear the head high (low), i. e. to be in high or low spirits, Nj. 91; but also, b. halann bratt (lágt), to cock up or let fall the tail (metaph. from cattle), to be in an exultant or low mood: sundry phrases, as, b. bein, to rest the bones, be buried; far þú til Íslands, þar mun þér auðið verða beinin at b., Grett. 91 A; en þó hygg ek at þú munir hér b. beinin í Norðrálfunni, Orkn. 142; b. fyrir borð, to throw overboard, metaph. to oppress; verðr Þórhalli nú fyrir borð borinn, Th. was defied, set at naught, Fær. 234; b. brjóst fyrir e-m, to be the breast-shield, protection of one, Fms. vii. 263: also, b. hönd fyrir höfuð sér, metaph. to put one’s hand before one’s head, i. e. to defend oneself; b. ægishjálm yfir e-m, to keep one in awe and submission, Fm. 16, vide A. I. 2.

III. connected with prepp., b. af, and (rarely) yfir (cp. afburðr, yfirburðr), to excel, surpass; eigi sá hvárttveggja féit er af öðrum berr, who gets the best of it, Nj. 15; en þó bar Bolli af, B. surpassed all the rest, Ld. 330; þat mannval bar eigi minnr af öðrum mönnum um fríðleik, afi ok fræknleik, en Ormrinn Langi af öðrum skipum, Fms. ii. 252; at hinn útlendi skal yfir b. ( outdo) þann sem Enskir kalla meistara, xi. 431: b. til, to apply, try if it fits; en er þeir báru til (viz. shoes to the hoof of a horse), þá var sem hæfði hestinum, ix. 55; bera til hvern lykil at öðrum at portinu, Thom. 141; b. e-t við, to try it on (hence viðburðr, experiment, effort): b. um, to wind round, as a cable round a pole or the like, Nj. 115; þá bar hann þá festi um sik, made it fast round his body, Fms. ix. 219; ‘b. e-t undir e-n’ is to consult one, ellipt., b. undir dóm e-s; ‘b. e-t fyrir’ is to feign, use as excuse: b. á, í, to smear, anoint; b. vatn í augu sér, Rb. 354; b. tjöru í höfuð sér, Nj. 181, Hom. 70, 73, cp. áburðr; b. gull, silfr, á, to ornament with gold or silver, Ld. 114, Finnb. 258: is now also used = to dung, b. á völl; b. vápn á e-n, to attack one with sharp weapons, Eg. 583, Fms. xi. 334: b. eld at, to set fire to, Nj. 122; b. fjötur (bönd) at e-m, to put fetters (bonds) on one, Fms. x. 172, Hm. 150: metaph. reflex., bönd berask at e-m, a law term, the evidence bears against one; b. af sér, to parry off; Gyrðr berr af sér lagit, G. parries the thrust off, Fms. x. 421; cp. A. II. 3. β.

IV. reflex., berask mikit á (cp. áburðr), to bear oneself proudly, or b. lítið á, to bear oneself humbly; hann var hinn kátasti ok barst á mikit, Fms. ii. 68, viii. 219, Eb. 258; b. lítið á, Clem. 35; láta af berask, to die; Óttarr vill skipa til um fjárfar sitt áðr hann láti af b., Fms. ii. 12: berask fyrir, to abide in a place as an asylum, seek shelter; hér munu vit láta fyrir b., Fas. iii. 471; berask e-t fyrir, to design a thing, be busy about, barsk hann þat fyrir at sjá aldregi konur, Greg. 53; at njósna um hvat hann bærist fyrir, to inquire into what he was about, Fms. iv. 184, Vígl. 19.

β. recipr. in the phrase, berask banaspjót eptir, to seek for one another’s life, Glúm. 354: b. vápn á, of a mutual attack with sharp weapons, Fms. viii. 53.

γ. pass., sár berask á e-n, of one in the heat of battle beginning to get wounds and give way, Nj.:—berask við, to be prevented, not to do; ok nú lét Almáttugr Guð við berast kirkjubrunnann, stopped, prevented the burning of the church, Fms. v. 144; en mér þætti gott ef við bærist, svá at hón kæmi eigi til þín, vi. 210, vii. 219; ok var þá búit at hann mundi þegar láta hamarinn skjanna honum, en hann lét þat við berask, he bethought himself and did not, Edda 35; því at mönnum þótti sem þannig mundi helzt úhæfa við berask, that mischief would thus be best prevented, Sturl. ii. 6, iii. 80.

C. IMPERS.:—with a sort of passive sense, both in a loc. and temp. sense, and gener. denotes an involuntary, passive motion, happening suddenly or by chance:

I. with acc. it bears or carries one to a place, i. e. one happens to come; the proverb, alla (acc.) berr at sama brunni, all come to the same well (end), Lat. omnes una manet nox; bar hann þá ofan gegnt Özuri, he happened to come in his course just opposite to Ö., Lat. delatus est, Dropl. 25: esp. of ships or sailors; nú berr svá til ( happens) herra, at vér komum eigi fram ferðinni, berr oss (acc.) til Íslands eðr annara landa, it bore us to I., i. e. if we drive or drift thither, Fms. iv. 176; þá (acc. pl.) bar suðr í haf, they drifted southwards, Nj. 124.

β. as a cricketing term, in the phrase, berr (bar) út knöttinn, the ball rolls out, Gísl. 26, cp. p. 110 where it is transit.; berr Gísli ok út knöttinn, vide Vígl. ch. 11, Grett. ch. 17, Vd. ch. 37, Hallfr. S. ch. 2.

γ. Skarpheðin (acc.) bar nú at þeim, Sk. came suddenly upon them, Nj. 144; bar at Hróaldi þegar allan skjöldinn, the shield was dashed against H.’s body, 198; ok skyldu sæta honum, ef hann (acc.) bæri þar at, if he should per chance come, shew himself there, Orkn. 406; e-n berr yfir, it bears one, i. e. one is borne onwards, as a bird flying, a man riding; þóttist vita, at hann (acc.) mundi fljótara yfir bera ef hann riði en gengi, that he would get on more fleetly riding than walking, Hrafn. 7; hann (acc.) bar skjótt yfir, he passed quickly, of a flying meteor, Nj. 194; e-n berr undan, escapes.

2. also with acc. followed by prepp. við, saman, jafnframt, hjá, of bodies coinciding or covering one another: loc., er jafnframt ber jaðrana tungls ok sólar, if the orb of the moon and sun cover each other, Rb. 34; þat kann vera stundum, at tunglit (acc.) berr jafht á millum vár ok sólar (i. e. in a moon eclipse), 108; ber nokkut jaðar (acc.) þess hjá sólar jaðri, 34; Gunnarr sér at rauðan kyrtil (acc.) bar við glugginn, G. sees that a red kirtle passed before the window, Nj. 114; bar fyrir utan þat skip vápnaburð (acc.) heiðingja (gen. pl.), the missiles of the heathens passed over the ship without hurting them, flew too high, Fms. vii. 232; hvergi bar skugga (acc.) á, nowhere a shadow, all bright, Nj. 118; þangat sem helzt mátti nokkut yfir þá skugga bera af skóginum, where they were shadowed (hidden) by the trees, Fms. x. 239; e-t berr fram (hátt), a body is prominent, Lat. eminet; Ólafr konungr stóð í lyptingunni, bar hann (acc.) hátt mjök, king O. stood out conspicuously, ii. 308; b. yfir, þótti mjök bera hljóð (acc.) þar yfir er Ólafr sat, the sound was heard over there where O. sat, Sturl. i. 21; b. á milli, something comes between; leiti (acc.) bar á milli, a hill hid the prospect, Nj. 263: metaph., e-m berr e-t á milli, they come to dissent, 13, v. 1.; b. fyrir augu (hence fyrirburðr, vision), of a vision or the like; mart (acc.) berr nú fyrir augu mér, ek sé …, many things come now before my eyes, 104; hann mundi allt þat er fyrir hann hafði borit, i. e. all the dream, 195; eina nótt berr fyrir hann í svefni mikla sýn, Fms. i. 137, Rd. 290; veiði (acc.) berr í hendr e-m (a metaphor from hunting), sport falls to one’s lot; hér bæri veiði í hendr nú, here would be a game, Nj. 252; e-t berr undan (a metaphor from fishing, hunting term), when one misses one’s opportunity; vel væri þá … at þá veiði (acc.) bæri eigi undan, that this game should not go amiss, 69; en ef þetta (acc.) berr undan, if this breaks down, 63; hon bað hann þá drepa einhvern manna hans, heldr en allt (acc.) bæri undan, rather than that all should go amiss, Eg. 258: absol., þyki mér illa, ef undan berr, if I miss it, Nj. 155; viljum vér ekki at undan beri at…, we will by no means miss it…, Fms. viii. 309, v. 1. The passage Bs. i. 416 (en fjárhlutr sá er átt hafði Ari, bar undan Guðmundi) is hardly correct, fjárhlut þann would run better, cp. bera undir, as a law term, below.

II. adding prepp.; b. við, at, til, at hendi, at móti, til handa …, to befall, happen, Lat. accidere, occurrere, with dat. of the person, (v. atburðr, viðburðr, tilburðr); engi hlut skyldi þann at b., no such thing should happen as…, Fms. xi. 76; svá bar at einn vetr, it befell, x. 201; þat hefir nú víst at hendi borit, er…, Nj. 174; þó þetta vandræði (acc.) hafi nú borit oss (dat.) at hendi, Eg. 7; b. til handa, id., Sks. 327; bar honum svá til, so it befell him, Fms. xi. 425; at honum bæri engan váðaligan hlut til á veginum, that nothing dangerous should befall him on the way, Stj. 212; bæri þat þá svá við, at hann ryfi, it then perchance might happen, that …, 102; þat bar við at Högni kom, 169, 172, 82; raun (acc.) berr á, it is proved by the fact, event, Fms. ix. 474, x. 185.

2. temp., e-t berr á, it happens to fall on …; ef þing (acc.) ber á hina helgu viku, if the parliament falls on the holy week (Whitsun), Grág. i. 106; ef Crucis messu (acc.) berr á Drottins dag, Rb. 44; berr hana (viz. Petrs messu, June 29) aldrei svá optarr á öldinni, 78; þat er nú berr oss næst, what has occurred of late, Sturl. iii. 182: b. í móti, to happen exactly at a time; þetta (acc.) bar í móti at þenna sama dag andaðist Brandr biskup, Bs. i. 468; b. saman, id.; bar þat saman, at pá var Gunnarr at segja brennusöguna, just when G. was about telling the story, Nj. 269.

3. metaph. of agreement or separation; en þat (acc.) þykir mjök saman b. ok þessi frásögn, Fms. x. 276: with dat., bar öllum sögum vel saman, all the records agreed well together, Nj. 100, v. l.; berr nú enn í sundr með þeim, Bjarna ok Þorkatli at sinni, B. and Th. missed each other, Vápn. 25.

4. denoting cause; e-t (acc.) berr til …, causes a thing; ætluðu þat þá allir, at þat mundi til bera, that that was the reason, Nj. 75; at þat beri til skilnaðar okkars, that this will make us to part (divorce), 261; konungr spurði, hvat til bæri úgleði hans, what was the cause of his grief? Fms. vi. 355; þat berr til tunglhlaups, Rb. 32.

β. meiri ván at brátt beri þat (acc.) til bóta, at herviliga steypi hans ríki, i. e. there will soon come help (revenge), Fms. x. 264; fjórir eru þeir hlutir er menn (acc.) berr í ætt á landi hér, there are four cases under which people may be adopted, Grág. i. 361.

γ. e-t berr undir e-n, falls to a person’s lot; hon á arf at taka þegar er undir hana berr, in her turn, 179; mikla erfð (acc.) bar undir hana, Mar. (Fr.); berr yfir, of surpassing, Bs. ii. 121, 158; b. frá, id. (fráburðr); herðimikill svá at þat (acc.) bar frá því sem aðrir menn, Eg. 305; er sagt, at þat bæri frá hve vel þeir mæltu, it was extraordinary how well they did speak, Jb. 11; bar þat mest frá hversu illa hann var limaðr, but above all, how…, Ó. H. 74.

5. with adverbial nouns in a dat. form; e-t berr bráðum, happens of a sudden; berr þetta (acc.) nú allbráðum, Fms. xi. 139; cp. vera bráðum borinn, to be taken by surprise (above); berr stórum, stærrum, it matters a great deal; ætla ek stærrum b. hin lagabrotin (acc.), they are much more important, matter more, vii. 305; var þat góðr kostr, svá at stórum bar, xi. 50; hefir oss orðit svá mikil vanhyggja, at stóru berr, an enormous blunder, Gísl. 51; svá langa leið, at stóru bar, Fas. i. 116; þat berr stórum, hversu mér þóknast vel þeirra athæfi, it amounts to a great deal, my liking their service, i. e. I do greatly like, Fms. ii. 37; eigi berr þat allsmám hversu vel mér líkar, in no small degree do I like, x. 296.

β. with dat., it is fitting, becoming; svá mikit sem landeiganda (dat.) berr til at hafa eptir lögum, what he is legally entitled to, Dipl. iii. 10; berr til handa, it falls to one’s lot, v. above, Grág. i. 93.

III. answering to Lat. oportet, absolutely or with an adverb, vel, illa, with infinit.; e-m berr, it beseems, becomes one; berr þat ekki né stendr þvílíkum höfuðfeðr, at falsa, Stj. 132; berr yðr (dat.) vel, herra, at sjá sannindi á þessu máli, Fms. ix. 326; sagði, at þat bar eigi Kristnum mönnum, at særa Guð, x. 22; þá siðu at mér beri vel, Sks. 353 B: used absol., berr vel, illa, it is beseeming, proper, fit, unbeseeming, unfit, improper; athæfi þat er vel beri fyrir konungs augliti, 282; þat þykir ok eigi illa bera, at maðr hafi svart skinn til hosna, i. e. it suits pretty well, 301: in case of a pers. pron. in acc. or dat. being added, the sentence becomes personal in order to avoid doubling the impers. sentence, e. g. e-m berr skylda (not skyldu) til, one is bound by duty; veit ek eigi hver skylda (nom.) yðr (acc.) ber til þess at láta jarl einn ráða, Fms. i. 52: also leaving the dat. out, skylda berr til at vera forsjámaðr með honum, vii. 280; eigi berr hér til úviska mín, it is not that I am not knowing, Nj. 135.

IV. when the reflex. inflexion is added to the verb, the noun loses its impers. character and is turned from acc. into nom., e. g. þar (þat?) mun hugrinn minn mest hafa fyrir borizt, this is what I suspected, fancied, Lv. 34; cp. hugarburðr, fancy, and e-t berr fyrir e-n (above, C. I. 2); hefir þetta (nom.) vel í móti borizt, a happy coincidence, Nj. 104; ef svá harðliga kann til at berask, if the misfortunes do happen, Gþl. 55; barsk sú úhamingja (nom.) til á Íslandi, that mischief happened (no doubt the passage is thus to be emended), Bs. i. 78, but bar þá úhamingju …; þat (nom.) barsk at, happened, Fms. x. 253; fundir várir (nom.) hafa at borizt nokkurum sinnum, vii. 256; þat barsk at á einhverju sumri, Eg. 154; bærist at um síðir at allr þingheimrinn berðist, 765, cp. berast við, berask fyrir above (B. V.): berast, absol., means to be shaken, knocked about; var þess ván, at fylkingar mundu berast í hergöngunni, that they would be brought into some confusion, Fms. v. 74; Hrólfr gékk at ramliga, ok barst Atli (was shaken, gave away) fyrir orku sakir, þar til er hann féll. Fas. iii. 253; barst Jökull allr fyrir orku sakir (of two wrestling), Ísl. ii. 467, Fms. iii. 189: vide B. IV.

D. In mod. usage the strong bera—bar is also used in impersonal phrases, denoting to let a thing be seen, shew, but almost always with a negative preceding, e. g. ekki bar (ber) á því, it could ( can) not be seen; að á engu bæri, láta ekki á bera ( to keep tight), etc. All these phrases are no doubt alterations from the weak verb bera, að, nudare, and never occur in old writers; we have not met with any instance previous to the Reformation; the use is certainly of late date, and affords a rare instance of weak verbs turning into strong; the reverse is more freq. the case.

Íslensk-ensk orðabók > BERA
6 присяжный

сущ.

( заседатель) assizer; juror; juryman; мн lay people; the jury

выводить присяжного — (из состава присяжных, рассматривающих дело) to withdraw a juror

выполнять (исполнять) обязанности (функции) присяжного — to serve on the jury

завершать отбор присяжных — to complete jury selection

лишаться права исполнения обязанностей (функций) присяжного — to be disqualified from jury service

манипулировать жюри присяжных — to sway the jury

напутствовать присяжных — ( перед вынесением ими вердикта) to charge (direct) the jury

освобождать от обязанностей присяжного (по болезни / по личным причинам —) to discharge (dismiss, excuse) from jury duty (service) (for health / medical reasons / for personal reasons)

отпускать присяжных — (на перерыв и т.п.) to discharge (dismiss, excuse) the jurors (for a recess, etc)

помешать жюри присяжных прийти к единому мнению — ( об одном или нескольких присяжных заседателях) to hang the jury

рассматривать дело судом присяжных — to consider (examine, try) a case by the jury

составлять список присяжных — to array; empanel (impanel) (a jury)

становиться хорошим присяжным — to make an excellent juror

уклоняться от выполнения (исполнения) обязанностей (функций) присяжного — to cop out of jury duty (service); dodge (evade, shirk) one's duty as a juror

устанавливать прямой контакт с потенциальным присяжным — to directly approach a potential juror

формировать жюри присяжных — to pick (select) a jury

выполнение (исполнение) обязанностей (функций) присяжного — jury duty (service)

запасной состав присяжных — alternate jury

изоляция присяжных — ( с целью обеспечения тайны совещательной комнаты) custody (sequestration) of jurors

коллегия присяжных — the jury

комната присяжных — jury room

(не)имеющий права на выполнение (исполнение) обязанностей (функций) присяжного — (in)eligible for jury duty (service)

(окончательный) отбор присяжных — (final) jury selection

освобождение от обязанностей присяжного — discharge (excuse) from jury duty (service); ( в соответствии с законом) statutory excuse from jury duty (service)

отвод присяжного заседателя — challenge of (to) a juror

повестка присяжного — ( о вызове в суд) jury summons

процесс отбора присяжных — jury selection process

скамья присяжных — jury box

согласно правилам отбора присяжных — under the rules of jury selection

состав присяжных — jury('s) composition (panel); ( полный состав) full jury

состав присяжных, не пришедших к единому мнению — hung jury

совещание присяжных — jury's deliberation(s)

список присяжных — array; juror's book; jury list; panel

старшина присяжных — foreman of the jury

суд присяжных — jury trial

с участием присяжных заседателей — with the participation of jurors

беспристрастный присяжный, непредубеждённый присяжный — unbias(s)ed (impartial, unprejudiced) juror

пристрастный присяжный, предубеждённый присяжный — bias(s)ed (partial, prejudiced) juror

- присяжный заседатель
- присяжный поверенный
- образцовый присяжный
- предполагаемый присяжный

Русско-английский юридический словарь > присяжный
7 instruct

гл.

1) общ. давать указание [задание, поручение\], поручать

to instruct the bank to transfer the funds — поручать банку перевод средств

to instruct the students to work on smth — давать задание студентам поработать над чем-л.

She instructed the students to work on their pronunciation — Она дала задание студентам поработать над произношением.

The police have been instructed to patrol the building and surrounding area. — Полиция получила указания патрулировать здание и прилегающие территории.

Syn:

direct, prescribe

2) общ. сообщать, информировать, вводить в курс дела ( часто употребляется в официальном контексте)

the judge instructed the jurors on the laws — судья довел до присяжных информацию о законах

The judge instructed the jurors as to the points of law applicable in the case. — Судья проинформировал присяжных о нормах права, относящихся к рассматриваемому делу.

3) общ. инструктировать, обучать ( спортивным или производственным навыкам)

to instruct in the use of the equipment — инструктировать по использованию оборудованию

He instructed me in building a boat. — Он учил меня строить лодки.

He works in a sports centre instructing people in the use of the gym equipment. — Он работает в спортивном центре, где обучает людей пользоваться спортивным оборудованием.

Syn:

train, teach

4) юр., брит. поручать (адвокату) ведение дела (уполномочить адвоката действовать от имени обращающегося в суде и снабдить адвоката необходимой для таких действий информацией; употребляется с дополнением и без)

to instruct more experienced lawyer — поручить дело более опытному адвокату

to instruct the lawyer to take action — поручить адвокату предпринять действия

Англо-русский экономический словарь > instruct
8 жюри

сущ.

(арбитров, присяжных заседателей) jury; panel

быть членом жюри — to serve on the jury

напутствовать жюри — to charge (direct, instruct) the jury

увеличивать состав жюри присяжных — to increase the size of the panel

формировать жюри присяжных — to pick (select) the jury

изоляция жюри присяжных — ( с целью обеспечения тайны вердикта) custody (sequestration) of the jurors (of the jury)

изучение состава жюри присяжных — jury research

консультант по составу жюри присяжных — jury consultant

разногласия (раскол) в жюри присяжных — split in the jury

расследование, проводимое Большим жюри — ( следственным) Grand jury inquiry (investigation)

члены Большого жюри — grand jurors

жюри присяжных, выступающее на стороне истца — plaintiff's jury

- большое жюри
- малое жюри
- следственное жюри
- специальное жюри

Русско-английский юридический словарь > жюри
9 question

'kwes ən 1. noun
1) (something which is said, written etc which asks for an answer from someone: The question is, do we really need a computer?) spørsmål

2) (a problem or matter for discussion: There is the question of how much to pay him.) spørsmål, debattemne, sak

3) (a single problem in a test or examination: We had to answer four questions in three hours.) oppgave, spørsmål

4) (criticism; doubt; discussion: He is, without question, the best man for the job.) tvil

5) (a suggestion or possibility: There is no question of our dismissing him.) spørsmål, mulighet
2. verb
1) (to ask (a person) questions: I'll question him about what he was doing last night.) stille spørsmål, spørre (ut)

2) (to regard as doubtful: He questioned her right to use the money.) sette spørsmålstegn ved

•

- questionable
- questionably
- questionableness
- question mark
- question-master
- questionnaire
- in question
- out of the question

forhør
--------
spørsmål

I
subst. \/ˈkwestʃ(ə)n\/

1) spørsmål

2) problem

3) ( jus) tvistesak

4) sak, anliggende

• that is not the question

det er ikke det saken gjelder

5) parlamentarisk interpellasjon, undersøkelse

6) ( historisk) tortur, (smertefullt) forhør

a question about something et spørsmål om noe

• there is no question about it

det er ingen tvil om den saken

a question if\/whether et spørsmål om

• the question is whether he'll be here on time

spørsmålet er om han kommer hit tidsnok

a question of something et spørsmål om noe

• when it's a question of money, his attitude changes completely

er det spørsmål om penger, endrer holdningen hans seg totalt

ask a question stille et spørsmål, spørre

• I want to ask you a question

jeg vil spørre (deg) om noe

beside the question på siden (av saken)

• that is beside the question

det har ingen ting med saken å gjøre

beyond (all) question hevet over enhver tvil, uten tvil

• he is beyond all question the best

han er uten tvil den beste

call in\/into question sette spørsmålstegn ved, bestride, reise tvil om

• I call your judgement in(to) question

jeg bestrider din dømmekraft

• the scientific method was called into question

det ble satt spørsmålstegn ved den vitenskapelige metoden

indirect question ( språkvitenskap) indirekte spørsmål, indirekte spørresetning

in question angjeldende, aktuell

• she presented the case in question

hun la frem den aktuelle saken

diskutabel, under debatt

• all the old values are in question nowadays

nå for tiden er alle de gamle verdiene under debatt

no question but ikke spørsmål om annet enn, ingen tvil om annet, helt sikkert at

• there is noe question but that he will sing that song

det er ikke snakk om annet enn at han kommer til å synge den sangen

no question of ikke spørsmål om

• there was no question of my doing it

det var aldri snakk om at jeg skulle gjøre det

open to question tvilsomt, usikkert

• whether this is possible is open to question

det er tvilsom om det er mulig

out of the question ikke tale om, helt uaktuelt

• it is out of the question

det kommer ikke på tale

pop the question fri

• he finally popped the question

endelig fridde han

press a question energisk kreve svar på et spørsmål

put a question stille et spørsmål

• I'd like to put a question to the jurors

jeg vil gjerne stille et spørsmål til juryen

put the question ( om ordstyrer) ta en avstemning, stemme over

put to the question ( historisk) utsette for tortur

• they put the prisoner of war to the question

de utsatte krigsfangene for tortur

Question! ( i parlamentet) hold dere til saken!

throw a question at someone rette et spørsmål til noen

without question uten tvil uten videre
II
verb \/ˈkwestʃ(ə)n\/

1) spørre, stille spørsmål (til), undersøke

• I questioned her on her views

jeg spurte henne om hva hun mente

2) avhøre, forhøre, ta opp forklaring

• he was questioned by the police

3) sette spørsmålstegn ved, betvile, bestride

4) spørre seg, undre

question whether\/if spørre om

English-Norwegian dictionary > question
10 challenge

1. n вызов

to meet the challenge — принять вызов

he took up my challenge — он принял мой вызов

challenge to fight a duel — вызов на дуэль

2. n вызов на дуэль; картель

to have a challenge delivered by a second — послать вызов через секунданта

to throw out a challenge — бросить вызов

3. n сомнение; постановка под вопрос

a challenge of the premises of an argument — возражения против предпосылок рассуждения

challenge of the role — сомнение в роли

4. n сложная задача; проблема

the challenge of a nuclear age — задачи, которые ставит перед нами ядерный век

5. n юр. отвод присяжного заседателя

peremptory challenge — отвод присяжных заседателей без указания причины

challenge to the array — отвод всего жюри

challenge to the polls — отвод отдельных присяжных заседателей

challenge to the panel — отвод всему составу присяжных

challenge for cause — отвод по конкретному основанию

challenge of jurisdiction — отвод по неподсудности

to challenge the jurors — заявить отвод присяжным

challenge an arbitrator — заявить отвод арбитру

6. n юр. возражение в ходе процесса

challenge rule — правило, согласно которому в случае признания патента недействительным подлежат возврату лицензиату все суммы лицензионного вознаграждения, уплаченные им после возбуждения иска о признании патента недействительным

7. n амер. недопущение избирателя к голосованию

8. n амер. требование об аннулировании избирательного бюллетеня или результатов голосования

the election of a new government was met by a challenge from its opponents — противники нового правительства требовали считать недействительным его избрание

challenge of — требование

challenge result — результат разрешающего опыта

challenge verification — проверка по требованию

verification by challenge — проверка по требованию

9. n амер. книжн. претензия, притязание

challenge of superiority — притязание на превосходство

10. n амер. мор. опознавательные

11. n амер. оклик

to give the challenge — окликать

12. n амер. вет. контрольное, проверочное заражение вакцинированных животных

лай собак, дающий знать, что они напали на след

laboratory challenge — контрольное лабораторное заражение

cross challenge test — тест перекрестного заражения

13. v вызывать; бросать вызов

challenge to the world community — вызов международному сообществу

14. v спорт. вызвать на соревнование

15. v сомневаться; отрицать

16. v оспаривать, подвергать сомнению

to challenge the accuracy of a statement — оспаривать правильность утверждения

17. v требовать

this job will challenge your abilities — эта работа будет испытанием ваших способностей

18. v отводить, давать отвод

challenge to arbitrator — отвод арбитра

challenge to the poll — отвод присяжного

challenge the jury — давать отвод присяжным

19. v юр. отводить присяжного заседателя

20. v юр. возражать

21. v амер. давать отвод избирателю

22. v амер. требовать признания недействительным избирательного бюллетеня или результатов голосования

23. v амер. воен. окликать; спрашивать пропуск, пароль

24. v амер. мор. показывать опознавательные

Синонимический ряд:

1. dare (noun) dare

2. defiance (noun) cartel; dare; defi; defiance; defy; provocation; stump

3. demur (noun) demur; demurral; demurrer; objection; protest; protestation; question; remonstrance; remonstration

4. difficulty (noun) difficulty; test; trial

5. task (noun) demand; formidable task; hazard; invitation; summons; task; threat; venture

6. dare (verb) affront; confront; contest; dare; denounce; duel; invite competition; threaten

7. demand (verb) call; claim; demand; exact; postulate; require; requisition; solicit

8. dispute (verb) ask for; assert; claim as one's due; demand one's rights; dispute; doubt; impose; impute; mistrust; question; take exception

9. face (verb) beard; brave; defy; face; front; outdare; outface; venture

10. fight (verb) buck; combat; fight; oppose; resist; traverse

11. stir (verb) arouse; awaken; bestir; kindle; rally; rouse; stir; wake; waken; whet

12. tax (verb) tax; test; try

Антонимический ряд:

accept

English-Russian base dictionary > challenge
11 отвод всего состава присяжных

challenge to the panel

дающий отвод присяжным — challenging the jury

напутствие присяжным — direction to the jury

обратиться к присяжным — to address the jury

заявить отвод присяжным — to challenge the jurors

присяжные удалились на совещание — the jury withdrew

Бизнес, юриспруденция. Русско-английский словарь > отвод всего состава присяжных
12 ding-a-ling

сущ.;
амер.;
сл.
1) звон( колокола и т. п.) I was awakened by the ding-a-ling of the front-door bell. ≈ Я проснулся от звонка входной двери. Syn: ding
1.
2) псих;
эксцентричный человек, чудак A generally staid, middle-class group, the jurors were unprepared for the gruelling experience, which was enough to make ding-a-lings out of the most stable personalities. ≈ Присяжные - обычно уравновешенные люди из средних слоев общества - оказывались совершенно не готовыми к изматывающим переживаниям, способным превратить самого спокойного человека в психа. (американизм) (сленг) псих

Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > ding-a-ling
13 challenge

1) возражение; оспаривание | возражать; оспаривать

2) отвод (присяжным, свидетелю) | давать отвод

3) вызов | бросать вызов

4) опознавательный сигнал | показывать опознавательные сигналы

5) спрашивать пропуск или пароль

•

challenge for cause — 1. отвод по конкретному основанию 2. возражение, обоснованное ссылкой на конкретное обстоятельство;

challenge propter affectum — отвод со ссылкой на пристрастность;

challenge propter delictum — отвод присяжному по мотивам совершения им преступления;

challenge to fight a duel — вызов на дуэль;

challenge to individual grand juror — отвод члену коллегии большого жюри;

challenge to individual juror — отвод члену коллегии присяжных;

challenge to the array — отвод всему составу присяжных;

to challenge the jurors — заявить отвод присяжным;

challenge to the panel — отвод всему составу присяжных;

challenge to the poll — отвод присяжного или присяжных

- general challenge
- peremptory challenge
- principal challenge

Англо-русский юридический словарь > challenge
14 ding-a-ling

['dɪŋə'lɪŋ]
сущ.

1) амер.; разг.; = ding-dong псих; эксцентричный человек, чудак

A generally staid, middle-class group, the jurors were unprepared for the grueling experience, which was enough to make ding-a-lings out of the most stable personalities. — Присяжные - обычно уравновешенные люди из средних слоев общества - оказывались совершенно не готовыми к изматывающим переживаниям, способным превратить самого спокойного человека в психа.

2) звон колокольчика

Англо-русский современный словарь > ding-a-ling
15 insediare

insediare v.tr. to install: insediare qlcu. in un ufficio, to install s.o. in office // (dir.) insediare una giuria, to swear in a jury; i giurati vennero insediati, the jurors were sworn in.

◘ insediarsi v.intr.pron.

1 to install oneself, to enter into (sthg.); (prendere possesso) to take* possession (of sthg.); to take* office: il nuovo sindaco si insedierà il mese prossimo, the new mayor will take office next month

2 (stabilirsi) to settle, to establish oneself; (di animali) to territorialize: si è insediato a casa mia e chi lo muove più!, he's settled into my house and he's never going to get out!

* * *
[inse'djare]
1. vt

Amm to install

2. vip (insediarsi)

1) Amm to take up office

2) (colonia, profughi ecc) to settle, Mil to take up positions

* * *
[inse'djare] 1.
verbo transitivo to inaugurate, to induct [presidente ecc.]

insediare qcn. in una carica — to instal(l) sb. in office
2.
verbo pronominale insediarsi

1) to take* office, to take* over

2) (stabilirsi)

- rsi in — to settle (in) [ zona]

* * *

insediare

/inse'djare/ [1]

I verbo transitivo

to inaugurate, to induct [presidente ecc.]; insediare qcn. in una carica to instal(l) sb. in office

II insediarsi verbo pronominale

1 to take* office, to take* over

2 (stabilirsi) - rsi in to settle (in) [ zona].

Dizionario Italiano-Inglese > insediare
16 изоляция

сущ.

isolation; ( отделение тж) separation; ( сегрегация) segregation; ( режим) security

режим максимальной (минимальной) изоляции — maximum (minimum) security

изоляция жюри присяжных, изоляция жюри с целью обеспечения тайны вердикта — custody (sequestration) of the jury (of the jurors)

- строгая изоляция

Русско-английский юридический словарь > изоляция
17 principal challenge

юр. отвод присяжного по причине очевидной пристрастности или предубеждённости

challenge to the panel — отвод всему составу присяжных

challenge for cause — отвод по конкретному основанию

challenge of jurisdiction — отвод по неподсудности

to challenge the jurors — заявить отвод присяжным

peremptory challenge — отвод без указания причины

English-Russian base dictionary > principal challenge
18 διαδικέω

δια-δῐκέω (A),

A contend at law, πρός τινα PRein.19.16
(ii B. C.);
οἱ διαδικοῦντες
the contending parties, Plu.2.196c
, POxy.1101.8 (iv A.D.).

2 decide a suit,
οἱ διαδικοῦντες
the jurors, D.C.40.55
(s. v.l.).

------------------------------------

δι-ᾰδῐκέω (B),

A do wrong, injure, D.C.58.16.

Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > διαδικέω
19 заявить отвод присяжным

Law: challenge the jurors

Универсальный русско-английский словарь > заявить отвод присяжным
20 заявить отвод присяжных

Law: challenge the jurors

Универсальный русско-английский словарь > заявить отвод присяжных

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